Effects of Synchronous vs. Asynchronous Learning on Student Performance in Distance Education
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47672/ajodl.2321Keywords:
Synchronous, Asynchronous Learning, Student Performance, Distance EducationAbstract
Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the effects of synchronous vs. asynchronous learning on student performance in distance education.
Materials and Methods: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.
Findings: Synchronous learning, where students engage in real-time interactions with instructors and peers, tends to foster immediate feedback and a sense of community, potentially enhancing motivation and understanding of complex topics. Conversely, asynchronous learning, characterized by flexibility in scheduling and self-paced study, accommodates diverse learning styles and allows deeper reflection on course materials. Studies indicate that while synchronous sessions may initially promote higher engagement and immediate knowledge retention, asynchronous approaches support long-term knowledge retention and self-regulated learning skills. Effective integration of both modalities in distance education appears crucial, offering a balanced approach to cater to various student needs and learning outcomes.
Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Social presence theory, cognitive load theory and community of inquiry framework may be used to anchor future studies on assessing the effects of synchronous vs. asynchronous learning on student performance in distance education. Educational institutions should adopt blended learning models that strategically combine synchronous and asynchronous elements. Policymakers should develop supportive infrastructure and policies that facilitate the effective implementation of synchronous and asynchronous learning in distance education.
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