Beyond Land and Politics: Social Stigma as a Hidden Catalyst of Communal Conflict in Ejisu Municipality, Ashanti Region, Ghana
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47672/ejpcr.2961Keywords:
Social Stigma, Communal Conflict, Social Exclusion, Labelling, Social Identity, Indigene–Settler Relations, GhanaAbstract
Purpose: This study examines social stigma as a driver of interpersonal and communal conflict in Ejisu. While conflict in Ghanaian communities is frequently explained through economic inequality, land disputes, chieftaincy succession, and political competition, this study argues that stigma manifested through social labelling, exclusion, and identity-based discrimination constitutes an important yet underexplored source of social tension. The study investigates the dominant forms of stigma in Ejisu, examines how stigmatization contributes to conflict, and identifies strategies for promoting social cohesion and peaceful coexistence.
Methodology: The study adopted a mixed-methods approach informed by Social Identity Theory and Labelling Theory. Data were collected from 300 participants, comprising 250 survey respondents and 50 participants engaged in interviews and focus group discussions. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and correlation analysis, while qualitative data were analysed thematically using Braun and Clarke’s framework.
Findings: The findings reveal that ethnic and lineage-based stigma, socio-economic stigma, and occupational stigma are the dominant forms of stigmatization within Ejisu. Ethnic and lineage-based labelling, particularly the indigene–settler distinction, emerged as the most significant source of social tension and communal conflict. The study further found that unemployed youth, artisans, traders, and migrant settlers frequently experience exclusion, stereotyping, and diminished social recognition. These experiences foster resentment, weaken social cohesion, and increase the likelihood of interpersonal hostility and group-based conflict. The findings also demonstrate that stigmatized individuals often engage in defensive resistance and reactive behaviour as mechanisms for reclaiming dignity, recognition, and social legitimacy. The study contributes to the literature on conflict and social exclusion by demonstrating that stigma operates as both a psychological and sociological mechanism underlying communal conflict. By integrating Social Identity Theory and Labelling Theory, the study advances understanding of how identity, recognition, and social belonging shape conflict dynamics in peri-urban African communities.
Recommendations: The study recommends inclusive governance structures that enhance the participation of marginalized groups in community decision-making. It further advocates community-based sensitization programmes, stigma-sensitive conflict resolution mechanisms, youth empowerment initiatives, and public campaigns aimed at challenging exclusionary narratives and stereotypes. Strengthening social inclusion and fostering a shared sense of citizenship are essential for sustainable peace and community development.
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