Relationship between Physical Activity Levels and Sleep Quality in College Students

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between physical activity levels and sleep quality in college students.

Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.

Findings: The study showed that students who engage in regular physical activity tend to experience better sleep quality compared to their less active peers. Regular exercise appears to enhance various aspects of sleep, including sleep duration, sleep onset latency (the time it takes to fall asleep), and sleep efficiency (the percentage of time spent asleep while in bed). Additionally, physically active students often report fewer sleep disturbances and improved overall restfulness. The type and intensity of physical activity also play crucial roles. Moderate to vigorous physical activities, such as aerobic exercises and strength training, have been particularly effective in promoting better sleep quality. These activities help regulate circadian rhythms, reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression, and alleviate stress, all of which contribute to more restful and uninterrupted sleep. Conversely, a lack of physical activity is associated with poorer sleep outcomes. Sedentary behavior, common among college students due to academic pressures and lifestyle choices, can lead to sleep problems such as insomnia and excessive daytime sleepiness. Furthermore, inadequate sleep can negatively impact academic performance, mental health, and overall well-being, creating a cyclical problem where poor sleep and inactivity reinforce each other.

Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Self-determination theory (SDT), stress and coping theory and circadian rhythm theory may be used to anchor future studies on assessing the relationship between physical activity levels and sleep quality in college students. Colleges and universities should create and promote structured physical activity programs tailored for students. Universities should develop health-integrated policies that promote physical activity as a fundamental component of student life.