THE IMPACT OF INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION ON IMMIGRANT'S HOME COUNTRY: EXPLORING DIASPORA POWER AND CONFLICT

Authors

  • Dennis Lazaro Londo

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47672/ajir.508

Keywords:

International migration, diaspora, economic development

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the effects caused by international migration to the home countries of immigrants. This study also sought to scrutinize the predicaments that face the diaspora in trying to balance their relationships with both the host and home countries. This study suggests that effects of migration on immigrants' home countries can be both positive and negative.

Methodology: This study undertook a two dimensional approach whereby a focus was first put on the positive effects and later an overview of negative effects was considered. Analysis was based on systematic literature review on relevant studies that have been conducted within this line of idea.

Findings: Developing countries are more negatively affected by migration as compared to developed and industrious countries. Similarly, the study found out that diasporas of third world countries living in developed countries are willing to spend more time in their host countries than returning back home.

Unique Contribution to Practice and Policy: This study recommends that governments of developing countries should draft policies that can enable their diasporas to contribute economically without restrictions. Such policies can be subsidies on taxation of diaspora funded projects to encourage diaspora investments.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abel, G. J., & Sander, N. (2014). Quantifying global international migration flows. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1248676

Agrawal, A., Kapur, D., McHale, J., & Oettl, A. (2011). Brain drain or brain bank? The impact of skilled emigration on poor-country innovation. Journal of Urban Economics. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2010.06.003

Awori, K., Vetere, F., & Smith, W. (2015). Transnationalism, indigenous knowledge and technology: Insights from the kenyan diaspora. Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - Proceedings. https://doi.org/10.1145/2702123.2702488

Bertz, N. (2015). Diaspora and nation in the Indian ocean: Transnational histories of race and urban space in Tanzania. In Diaspora and Nation in the Indian Ocean: Transnational Histories of Race and Urban Space in Tanzania. https://doi.org/10.1080/2325548x.2016.1187495

Brinkerhoff, J. M. (2015). Exploring the Role of Diasporas in Rebuilding Governance in Post-Conflict Societies. In Africa's Finances: The Contribution of Remittances. https://doi.org/10.5848/csp.0228.00012

Ciumasu, I. M. (2010). Turning brain drain into brain networking. Science and Public Policy. https://doi.org/10.3152/030234210X489572

Clark, W. A. V., & Maas, R. (2015). Interpreting migration through the prism of reasons for moves. Population, Space and Place. https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.1844

Coleman, D. (2008). The demographic effects of international migration in Europe. Oxford Review of Economic Policy. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxrep/grn027

Commander, S., Kangasniemi, M., & Winters, L. A. (2003). The Brain Drain: Curse or Boon? IZA Discussion Paper.

Constant, A. F., & Zimmermann, K. F. (2016). Diaspora economics: new perspectives. International Journal of Manpower. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-07-2016-0151

Davenport, S. (2004). Panic and panacea: Brain drain and science and technology human capital policy. Research Policy. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2004.01.006

Dlano, A. (2014). The diffusion of diaspora engagement policies: A Latin American agenda. Political Geography. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polgeo.2013.11.007

Docquier, F., & Lodigiani, E. (2010). Skilled Migration and Business Networks. Open Economies Review. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11079-008-9102-8

Docquier, F., Lodigiani, E., Rapoport, H., & Schiff, M. (2016). Emigration and democracy. Journal of Development Economics. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2015.12.001

Drabo, A., & Mbaye, L. M. (2015). Natural disasters, migration and education: An empirical analysis in developing countries. Environment and Development Economics. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355770X14000606

Fjeldstad, O. H., & Heggstad, K. (2012). Local government revenue mobilisation in Anglophone Africa. Working Paper - Chr. Michelsen Institute. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2408608

Hansen, P. (2012). Revisiting the Remittance Mantra: A Study of Migration-Development Policy Formation in Tanzania. International Migration. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2435.2012.00754.x

Ionescu, D. (2006). Engaging diasporas as development partners for home and destination countries: challenges for policymakers. In International Organization for Migration Research Series. https://doi.org/ISSN 1607-338X

Kapur, D. (2010). Diaspora, development, and democracy: The domestic impact of international migration from India. In Diaspora, Development, and Democracy: The Domestic Impact of International Migration from India. https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.48-4117

Kapur, D. (2014). Political Effects of International Migration. Annual Review of Political Science. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-polisci-043010-095807

Keldon, R. (2008). International migration as a tool in development policy: A passing phase? Population and Development Review. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4457.2008.00203.x

Kent, G. (2006). Organised diaspora networks and homeland peacebuilding: the Bosnian world diaspora network as a potential development actor. Conflict, Security & Development. https://doi.org/10.1080/14678800600933639

Kuznetsov, Y. (2006). Diaspora networks and the international migration of skills: how countries can draw on their talent abroad. In International Migration Remittances and the Brain Drain. https://doi.org/10.1596/978-0-8213-6647-9

Leblang, D. (2017). Harnessing the Diaspora: Dual Citizenship, Migrant Return Remittances. Comparative Political Studies. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414015606736

Levitt, P., DeWind, J., & Vertovec, S. (2003). International Perspectives on Transnational Migration: An Introduction. International Migration Review. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7379.2003.tb00150.x

Lin, X. (2010). The diaspora solution to innovation capacity development: Immigrant entrepreneurs in the Contemporary World. Thunderbird International Business Review. https://doi.org/10.1002/tie.20319

Martin, M. (2019). What keeps diaspora from contributing to peace processes? Exploring diaspora online narratives of homeland conflict. Diaspora Studies. https://doi.org/10.1080/09739572.2019.1635389

Morawska, E. (2011). "Diaspora" diasporas' representations of their homelands: Exploring the polymorphs. Ethnic and Racial Studies. https://doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2010.533783

Mullings, B. (2011). Diaspora strategies, skilled migrants and human capital enhancement in Jamaica. Global Networks. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0374.2010.00305.x

Nkongolo-Bakenda, J. M., & Chrysostome, E. V. (2013). Engaging diasporas as international entrepreneurs in developing countries: In search of determinants. Journal of International Entrepreneurship. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10843-012-0098-1

Palloni, A., Massey, D. S., Ceballos, M., Espinosa, K., & Spittel, M. (2001). Social capital and international migration: A test using information on family networks. American Journal of Sociology. https://doi.org/10.1086/320817

Pasura, D. (2012). A fractured transnational diaspora: The case of Zimbabweans in Britain. International Migration. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2435.2010.00675.x

Patrick, E., & Newland, K. (2004). Beyond Remittances: The Role of Diaspora in Poverty Reduction in their Countries of Origin. Migration Policy Institute.

Paul, A. (2014). Indian Foreign Direct Investment: A Way to Africa. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.11.021

Prez-Armendáriz, C., & Crow, D. (2010). Do migrants remit democracy? International migration, political beliefs, and behavior in Mexico. Comparative Political Studies. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414009331733

Ramamurti, R. (2004). Developing countries and MNEs: Extending and enriching the research agenda. In Journal of International Business Studies. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400087

Rapoport, H. (2016). Migration and globalization: what's in it for developing countries? In International Journal of Manpower. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-08-2015-0116

Samet, K. (2013). Circular Migration between the North and the South: Effects on the Source Southern Economies. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.06.004

Sheffer, G. (2003). Diaspora politics: At home abroad. In Diaspora Politics: At Home Abroad. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511499432

Wahlbeck, Ö. (2002). The concept of diaspora as an analytical tool in the study of refugee communities. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies. https://doi.org/10.1080/13691830220124305

Welch, A., & Hao, J. (2016). Global argonauts: returnees and diaspora as sources of innovation in China and Israel. Globalisation, Societies and Education. https://doi.org/10.1080/14767724.2015.1026249

Whitaker, B. E. (2011). The politics of home: Dual citizenship and the African diaspora. International Migration Review. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7379.2011.00867.x

Yang, R., & Welch, A. R. (2010). Globalisation, transnational academic mobility and the Chinese knowledge diaspora: An Australian case study. Discourse. https://doi.org/10.1080/01596306.2010.516940

Yoo, D., Derthick, K., Ghassemian, S., Hakizimana, J., Gill, B., & Friedman, B. (2016). Multi-lifespan design thinking: Two methods and a case study with the Rwandan diaspora. Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - Proceedings. https://doi.org/10.1145/2858036.2858366

Yoon, I. J. (2012). Migration and the Korean Diaspora: A Comparative Description of Five Cases. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2012.658545

Downloads

Published

2020-06-14

How to Cite

Londo, D. L. (2020). THE IMPACT OF INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION ON IMMIGRANT’S HOME COUNTRY: EXPLORING DIASPORA POWER AND CONFLICT. American Journal of International Relations, 5(1), 14–25. https://doi.org/10.47672/ajir.508

Issue

Section

Articles