Effect of Malaria Parasite on Hepatic Parameters in People Living in Aba Metropolis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47672/ajhmn.1318Keywords:
Plasmodium parasite, bilirubin, transaminases, sporozoites and malaria parasite.Abstract
Purpose: In Nigeria, malaria continues to be a huge public health problem. Incidentally, malaria is caused by either Plasmodium falciparum or Plasmodium vivax. Malaria associated deaths in Metropolis area is mainly due to Plasmodium falciparum. Plasmodium parasite is primarily transmitted by the bite of an infected female anopheles mosquito during blood meal though this can also occur through exposure to infected blood products (blood transfusion) and by congenital transmission. This study therefore aimed at investigating the effect of malaria parasite on hepatocytes by monitoring enzyme activities such as the transaminases and the excretory function of the liver (bilirubin).
Methodology: This study was a cross-sectional study where hundred adults participated. A total of 50 patients' samples (adults) both male and female were collected from the same geographic location and fifty were selected as control and another fifty for the test. Examination of a thick blood film stained with Giemsa was done to confirm the presence of plasmodium and its absence as control. The activities of Aspartate transaminase, Alanine transaminase and bilirubin level was determined using Redox enzymatic kit Standard methods. Data obtained were statistically analyzed using students t-test where P<0.05 was considered significant.
Findings: There was a positive relationship between the enzyme activities and the level of parasitemia (P<90.05). Derangement in AST (13.30±4.48U/L), ALT (13.9±4.52U/L), TB (3.92± 1.30U/L), CB (0.56 ±0.28U/L) levels for the infected subjects were higher when compared with controls .This study has demonstrated that the invasion of the hepatocytes by the malaria parasite causes the liberation of the transaminase into the blood serum and equally, the excretory function through elevation of bilirubin of the liver was affected.
Recommendation: This study recommend transaminases and bilirubin to be assessed to assist in disease detection, prompt diagnosis and intervention especially in endemic malaria area.
Downloads
References
Anand A. C., and Puri P. (2015). Jaundice in Malaria. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 20: 1322-1332.
Anurag, C., Asaranti, K., Dipannweeta, R. and Vidyut, P. D. (2013). Assessment of Abdominal Liver chemistry in malaria and dengue infection. International Journal of Science and Research, 4(4): 2412-2414.
Azubuike, J.C. and, Nkanginieme.E.O (2016) Paediatrics and child health in atropical region .( 3 rd Ed). Educational printing and publishing. Lagos, Nigeria 536-543
Burris, C., Ashwood, E. and Border, B. (2001). Liver functions, In; Tiet,z, L. ( 5th Ed). Fundamental of Clinical Chemistry. Saunders Company, Philadelphia.748- 770.
Dennis L. K. Anthony S. F., Dan L. L. Eugene B., Stephen L. H., and Jameson J. L. (2005). Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. Infectious Diseases; 16: 1218-1232.
Ezeji G. C., Ezeadnachi E. N., Okay E. A., Female E. I., Ikpatta N. W. and Alaribe A. A. (2010). Malaria and its treatment in rural villages of Aboh Mbaise, Imo State, Nigeria. Acta Tropica, 48: 17-24.
Lopez-Rodnguez C., Torres D., Gone, R. M. and Portola J. (2007). Systematic febrile illness in patients coming from the tropics: analysis of the cases attended in the University General Hospital of Alicante, Spain. Tropical Medicine and International Health, 1(60): 25-78.
Mishra S. K., Mohanty S, and Das B. S. (2010). Hepatic changes in P. Falciparum malaria. Indian Journal of Malaria; 29: 167-171.
Olusegun,M.A., (2015). Influence of Malaria infection on kidney and liver Function in Akoko Area of Ondo State, Nigeria. Journal of Parasitology and Vector Biology 7(8): 163-68.
Sharma,N.N. ,Nand,H.K and Lata,S.. (2012). Evaluation of liver function in Falciparum Malaria. Journal% of international medical Sciences Academy. 25(4): 229-30.
Warell D. A., Molyneux M. E., and Beales P. F. (2015). Severe and complicated malaria. Transaction of Royal Society of Tropical Medicine Hygiene; 84(2): 1-65.
WHO (2012). World Malaria Report (PDF). Retrieved 6 March 2016.
WHO (2014). Malaria Fact sheet N094. Retrieved 28 April 2016.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Ikpeazu V.O, Offiah S.A.U, Chikezie J, Chigbu L.N, Ekenjoku, A. J, Ugwa V.O, Igboh N.M
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
