Deficiency of Vitamin B12 in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Receiving Metformin Therapy at HMC Hospital Peshawar

Authors

  • Muhammad Hussain Afridi
  • Muhamamd Naeem Khan
  • Atta Muhammad Khan
  • Muhammad Abbass
  • Muhammad Khalid Khan
  • Wali Gul
  • Shah Zaib

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47672/ajhmn.1051

Keywords:

Frequency, Deficiency, Vitamin B12, Type2 Diabetic, Metformin Therapy

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is on the rise at an alarming rate, and it has now become a global issue. Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus is a disease characterized by disturbances in glucose, protein, and fat metabolism. Diabetes has been increasingly common in recent decades, causing significant socioeconomic burden, particularly in poorer countries.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency in Type 2 diabetes patients taking metformin.

Methodology: This study was conducted on T2 diabetic patients in the Diabetic Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology HMC Hospital, Peshawar, for a year (10 February 2019 to 12 March 2020). The demographic data of the recruited patients was obtained after they gave their informed written consent. Patients inquired about their metformin use history, dosage, and duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus. A 5cc venous blood sample was taken from the arm and kept at 4 degrees Celsius. Vitamin B12 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunoassay assays after serum was withdrawn. ELISA was used to determine the Vitamin B12 level in serums.

Results: A total of 149 people were enrolled in this trial. The patients' average age was 55 years. In this study, there were 67 (38.8%) males and 82 (55.2%) females. The individuals had a 5.12-year history of diabetes mellitus. The average HbA1c level was 8.280.32. The individuals that were included have taken metformin for at least 4.8 years. There were 25 (22.6%) patients using 1000-1500 mg metformin daily, 76 (46.4%) receiving 1500-2000 mg metformin daily, and 48 (40.7%) taking greater than 2000 mg metformin daily. There were 44 patients with a normal BMI, 80 patients who were overweight, and 25 patients who were obese. The average B12 level in the blood was 223pg/ml. Vitamin B12 deficiency was found in 96 (49.1%) of the patients. There was no vitamin B12 deficiency in 53 (45.4%) of the patients.

Recommendations: It is strongly advised based on the findings of this study that Serum cobalamin levels should be measured in Type II diabetes patients who are taking metformin, and patients should be given R.D.A (Recommended Dietary Allowance) multivitamins to avoid sequaela of cobalamin deficiency.

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Author Biographies

Muhammad Hussain Afridi

Assistant Professor, Diabetes and Endocrinology, HMC Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan.

Muhamamd Naeem Khan

Assistant Professor, Department of Endocrinology, Bolan Medical Complex Hospital, Quetta, Pakistan.

Atta Muhammad Khan

Associate Professor of Medicine, MTI, LRH, Peshawar, Pakistan.

Muhammad Abbass

Associate Professor of Medicine, MMC Hospital, Mardan, Pakistan.

Muhammad Khalid Khan

Assistant Professor, Community Medicine Gajju Khan Teaching Hospital Shah Mansoor, Swabi, Pakistan.

Wali Gul

Consultant Medical Sp, DHQ Hospital, Batkhala, Pakistan.

Shah Zaib

Assistant Professor of Medicine, MMC Hospital, Mardan, Pakistan.

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Published

2022-06-07

How to Cite

Afridi, M. H. ., Khan, M. N. ., Khan, A. M. ., Abbass, M. ., Khan, M. K. ., Gul, W. ., & Zaib, S. . (2022). Deficiency of Vitamin B12 in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Receiving Metformin Therapy at HMC Hospital Peshawar. American Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing Practice, 7(7), 26–30. https://doi.org/10.47672/ajhmn.1051