Urinary Tract Infections are becoming Multi-drug Resistant due to Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamases-producing Klebsiella pneumonia

Authors

  • Henry Kwadwo Hackman
  • Lawrence Annison
  • Reuben Essel Arhin
  • Bright Kojo Azumah
  • David Boateng
  • Blessing Nwosu

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47672/ejhs.663

Keywords:

Extended spectrum beta-lactamase, Klebsiella pneumoniae, urinary tract infections, multi-drug resistant.

Abstract

Introduction: Klebsiella pneumoniae are among the most common cause of urinary tract infections such as cystitis and pyelonephritis. These multi-drug resistant K. pneumoniae are producers of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) that are capable of hydrolyzing beta-lactams and non-beta-lactams. This laboratory-based study sought to establish the increase of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae in multi-drug resistant urinary tract infections and determine the effective antibiotic treatment options.

Methods: One hundred and seventy five K. pneumoniae isolates obtained from urine cultures were randomly collected and the combined disc synergy method was used to determine the ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae. The Vitek 2 system (bioMrieux, France) was used to perform antimicrobial susceptibility testing of 17 commonly used antibiotics.  The data from the work was collated and statistically analysed using the chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test. P values < 0.05 were considered significant.

Results: Of the 175 K. pneumoniae responsible for urinary tract infections, 73.7% were producing ESBL suggesting that most urinary tract infections caused by K. pneumoniae will be multi-drug resistant. The antimicrobial resistance differences between ESBL-producing and non-ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae indicated a significance difference with p < 0.05. This study indicated that imipenem and amikacin are the antibiotic of choice for the treatment of multi-drug resistant urinary tract infections caused by ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae. Cephalosporins and nitrofurantoin are suitable for the treatment of urinary tract infections due to non-ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae.

Conclusion: This study indicated that imipenem (carbapenem) and amikacin are the antibiotic of choice for the treatment of multi-drug resistant urinary tract infections caused by ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae. The third and fourth generation cephalosporins and nitrofurantoin are suitable for the treatment of urinary tract infections due to non-ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae. Rational use of antibiotics and evidence based antibiotic prescription will help to control the spread of resistance by ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae. There is the need to intensify research in the use of natural products to treat multi-drug resistant urinary tract infections emanating from ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae

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Author Biographies

Henry Kwadwo Hackman

Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Accra Technical University, Ghana

 

Lawrence Annison

Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Accra Technical University, Ghana.

 

Reuben Essel Arhin

Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Accra Technical University, Ghana

 

Bright Kojo Azumah

Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Accra Technical University, Ghana

 

David Boateng

Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Accra Technical University, Ghana 

Blessing Nwosu

Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Accra Technical University, Ghana

 

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Published

2021-03-01

How to Cite

Hackman, H. ., Annison, L., Arhin, R. ., Azumah, B. ., Boateng, D. ., & Nwosu, B. . (2021). Urinary Tract Infections are becoming Multi-drug Resistant due to Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamases-producing Klebsiella pneumonia. European Journal of Health Sciences, 6(1), 35–44. https://doi.org/10.47672/ejhs.663

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