Impact of Climate Change on Migratory Patterns of Birds in Rwanda

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the impact of climate change on migratory patterns of birds in Rwanda.

Materials and Methods: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.

Findings: The study found that warmer temperatures and shifting weather patterns have caused many species to migrate earlier in spring and later in fall, disrupting traditional migratory cycles. For instance, some species are arriving at breeding grounds before optimal food availability, which affects their reproductive success. Additionally, changing climate conditions are forcing birds to alter their routes, with some species flying longer distances or changing stopover locations to adapt to new environmental challenges. Overall, climate change poses a growing threat to bird populations as they struggle to adapt to rapidly shifting ecosystems.

Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Phenology theory, metapopulation theory and climate change adaptation theory may be used to anchor future studies on assessing the impact of climate change on migratory patterns of birds in Rwanda. In practice, establishing long-term monitoring programs that leverage advanced technologies, such as satellite tracking and remote sensing, is essential for collecting accurate data on migratory patterns and population dynamics. The integration of climate projections into conservation planning is crucial for developing effective policies that anticipate future threats to migratory bird populations.